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时间间隔感测试器2.0

时间：2019-09-01 18:10:06

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时间间隔感测试器2.0

最近在学习SOLIDWORKS ，想找一个之前已经做好的东西升级一下外观，做的好看一点。之前做的时间间隔感测试器正好符合这个条件：模块不多，稍微改进即可缩小尺寸，变成可以放在手里的掌机了！

1.外壳

正好做IMU的时候还剩下了几片树莓派picow，也可以用arduino ide开发，可以利用利用。于是就按着树莓派pico w，加1.3寸屏，加1.6cm按钮，加3.7v电池盒的尺寸画了个盒子。中间没有什么太大的坑，就是SOLIDWORKS比较耗电脑资源，中途电脑有一定的概率死机或者蓝屏，一定要记得即使保存，否则辛辛苦苦花了几个小时的图纸说没就没了，谁都会崩溃的。再就是尺寸一定要确定好，单位对不对，一个打印的零件可不便宜。

我画的外壳

到了下单的时候，要把图纸另存为stl文件，再发给客服。3D打印只需要stl文件就可以了，但亚克力的话还得和客服确定是否可以通过stl文件来切割亚克力板，不行的话还得再转成工程图。转工程图的时候一定要确定单位是什么，不要出现过定义的尺寸。否则很容易就切错了厚度。像我就是一个很好的例子，亚克力板的厚度旁边有一个过定义的尺寸，是1cm……于是原本是4mm的亚克力上盖就变成了1cm厚的亚克力板砖了😅😅😅

下面是我的图纸，大家可以参考一下，但可能还需要根据自己的实际情况改进一些部分：

外壳图纸-电池盖图纸

外壳图纸-主体盒子图纸

外壳图纸-亚克力上盖图纸

2.时间间隔感测试器2.0的改进

这次更换了开发板，也更换了oled屏，从资料十分稀少的1.3寸sh1106 7针spi屏换成了1.3寸sh1106 4针iic屏。一开始本着“这次是做外壳”的想法，使用了之前用的1.3寸sh1106 7针spi屏的显示库，只是在初始化的时候把spi换成了iic，然后......点不亮，之后发现这个库只适用于uno......但不要紧，还有万能的u8g2显示库，指定了pico w的iic引脚，然后......还是点不亮。之后上网查，发现了树莓派pico（rp2040)只能用一个叫“OneBitDisplay“的闻所未闻的显示库来点亮，这是库自带的例程：

//// OneBitDisplay library multi-display demo//// Demonstrates how to initialize and use multiple displays//#include <OneBitDisplay.h>// Use -1 for the Wire library default pins// or specify the pin numbers to use with the Wire library or bit banging on any GPIO pins// These are reversed because I did straight-through wiring for my SSD1306// and it has the 4-pin header as GND,VCC,SCL,SDA, but the GROVE connector is// GND,VCC,SDA,SCL#define GROVE_SDA_PIN 32#define GROVE_SCL_PIN 26// These are the pin numbers for the M5Stack Atom default I2C#define SDA_PIN 21#define SCL_PIN 22// Set this to -1 to disable or the GPIO pin number connected to the reset// line of your display if it requires an external reset#define RESET_PIN -1// let ss_oled figure out the display address#define OLED_ADDR -1// don't rotate the display#define FLIP180 0// don't invert the display#define INVERT 0// Bit-Bang the I2C bus#define USE_HW_I2C 0// Change these if you're using different OLED displays#define MY_OLED1 OLED_128x64#define MY_OLED2 OLED_64x32// 2 copies of the SSOLED structure. Each structure is about 56 bytes// There is no limit to the number of simultaneous displays which can be controlled by ss_oled OBDISP obd[2];void setup() {char *msgs[] = {(char *)"SSD1306 @ 0x3C", (char *)"SSD1306 @ 0x3D",(char *)"SH1106 @ 0x3C",(char *)"SH1106 @ 0x3D"};int rc;// The I2C SDA/SCL pins set to -1 means to use the default Wire library// If pins were specified, they would be bit-banged in software// This isn't inferior to hw I2C and in fact allows you to go faster on certain CPUs// The reset pin is optional and I've only seen it needed on larger OLEDs (2.4")// that can be configured as either SPI or I2C//// obdI2CInit(OBDISP *, type, oled_addr, rotate180, invert, bWire, SDA_PIN, SCL_PIN, RESET_PIN, speed)rc = obdI2CInit(&obd[0], MY_OLED1, OLED_ADDR, FLIP180, INVERT, 1, SDA_PIN, SCL_PIN, RESET_PIN, 400000L); // use standard I2C bus at 400Khzif (rc != OLED_NOT_FOUND){obdFill(&obd[0], 0, 1);obdWriteString(&obd[0], 0,0,0,msgs[rc], FONT_8x8, 0, 1);obdWriteString(&obd[0], 0,8,3,(char *)"Display", FONT_16x16, 0, 1);obdWriteString(&obd[0], 0,56,6,(char *)"0", FONT_16x16, 0, 1);}rc = obdI2CInit(&obd[1], MY_OLED2, OLED_ADDR, FLIP180, INVERT, 0, GROVE_SDA_PIN, GROVE_SCL_PIN, RESET_PIN, 400000L); // use standard I2C bus at 400Khzif (rc != OLED_NOT_FOUND){obdFill(&obd[1], 0, 1);obdSetTextWrap(&obd[1], 1);obdWriteString(&obd[1], 0,0,0,msgs[rc], FONT_6x8, 0, 1);obdWriteString(&obd[1], 0,4,2,(char *)"Display", FONT_8x8, 0, 1);obdWriteString(&obd[1], 0,28,3,(char *)"1", FONT_8x8, 0, 1);}} /* setup() */void loop() {// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:} /* loop() */

这个显示库的例程比较复杂，不像u8g2那么简洁，第一眼很难看出每个参数是干什么的，所以我们来详解一下：

#include <OneBitDisplay.h>

引入OneBitDisplay显示库。

// GND,VCC,SDA,SCL(1)#define GROVE_SDA_PIN 32#define GROVE_SCL_PIN 26// GND,VCC,SDA,SCL(2)#define SDA_PIN 21#define SCL_PIN 22

定义两组iic引脚。

// line of your display if it requires an external reset#define RESET_PIN -1

定义reset引脚，因为大多数iic显示屏未引出reset引脚，所这里填默认值-1.

// let ss_oled figure out the display address#define OLED_ADDR -1

iic地址，这里填默认值。

// don't rotate the display#define FLIP180 0

是否翻转显示，这里不翻转显示

// don't invert the display#define INVERT 0

是否反色显示，这里不反色显示。

// Bit-Bang the I2C bus#define USE_HW_I2C 0

是否手动指定iic引脚，这里手动指定。

// Change these if you're using different OLED displays#define MY_OLED1 OLED_128x64#define MY_OLED2 OLED_64x32

定义两个屏，一个为12864，一个为12832。

obdI2CInit(&obd[0], MY_OLED1, OLED_ADDR, FLIP180, INVERT, 1, SDA_PIN, SCL_PIN, RESET_PIN, 400000L);

iic初始化语句，其中：

&obd[0]
指定一个屏。
400000L
指定iic速度。

obdWriteString(&obd[1], 0,4,2,(char *)"Display", FONT_8x8, 0, 1);

显示函数，语法为：

obdWriteString(屏【1】, 滚动,x轴,y轴,(char *)"文字", 字体, 反色, 绘制在缓冲区或屏幕);

字体有：

FONT_6x8FONT_8x8FONT_12x16FONT_16x16FONT_16x32

了解了各个函数的用法之后我们就可以写出自己的显示程序了，这是我的显示例程：

//lib#include <OneBitDisplay.h>// These are the pin numbers for the M5Stack Atom default I2C#define SDA_PIN 0#define SCL_PIN 1// line of your display if it requires an external reset#define RESET_PIN -1// let ss_oled figure out the display address#define OLED_ADDR -1// don't rotate the display#define FLIP180 0// don't invert the display#define INVERT 0// Bit-Bang the I2C bus#define USE_HW_I2C 0//oledOBDISP obd;//OLED displays#define MY_OLED OLED_128x64int n=500;char buf[10];void setup() {// put your setup code here, to run once:sprintf(buf, "H%d", n);// use standard I2C bus at 400KhzobdI2CInit(&obd, MY_OLED, OLED_ADDR, FLIP180, INVERT, 1, SDA_PIN, SCL_PIN, RESET_PIN, 600000L);obdFill(&obd, 0, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 3,(char *)"HAND SPEED TEST ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);delay(2000); obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 3,(char *)"Ver: 2.1 ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);delay(2000);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 3,(char *)"Date: 1229 ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);delay(2000);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 3,(char *)" ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 10,4,(char *)" GO!!! ", FONT_16x16, 1, 1);delay(2000);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 10,4,(char *)" ", FONT_16x16, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 2,(char *)"Your hand speed ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8,18,(char *)"is", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 40,(char *)&buf, FONT_12x16, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 58, 40,(char *)"ms", FONT_12x16, 1, 1);delay(2000); //obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 40,(char *)" ", FONT_12x16, 1, 1);//obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 40,(char *)">1s", FONT_12x16, 1, 1);}void loop() {// put your main code here, to run repeatedly://none}

其中，我自己加了一个显示变量的功能：

//lib#include <OneBitDisplay.h>int n=500;char buf[10];void setup() {sprintf(buf, " %d", n);// use standard I2C bus at 400KhzobdI2CInit(&obd, MY_OLED, OLED_ADDR, FLIP180, INVERT, 1, SDA_PIN, SCL_PIN, RESET_PIN, 60000 0L);obdFill(&obd, 0, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 40,(char *)&buf, FONT_12x16, 1, 1);}void loop(){//none}

通过将变量放入缓冲区中，将其转化为ASCII码，再调用字库将其显示出来。

除显示以外的其他功能几乎没有改变，有关于除显示以外的其他功能详见我的另一篇博客：

时间间隔感测试器（下）：Arduino uno

这是采用”OneBitDisplay”显示库的时间间隔感测试器2.0的程序：

#include <OneBitDisplay.h>// These are the pin numbers for the M5Stack Atom default I2C#define SDA_PIN 0#define SCL_PIN 1// line of your display if it requires an external reset#define RESET_PIN -1// let ss_oled figure out the display address#define OLED_ADDR -1// don't rotate the display#define FLIP180 0// don't invert the display#define INVERT 0// Bit-Bang the I2C bus#define USE_HW_I2C 0//oledOBDISP obd;//OLED displays#define MY_OLED OLED_128x64char buf[10];const int buttonpin = 3;const int ledpin = 25;const int vcc = 28;int buttonpintwo;int startsignal;unsigned long timebox;unsigned long rtime1;unsigned long rtime2;int key;void setup() { // Start OLEDobdI2CInit(&obd, MY_OLED, OLED_ADDR, FLIP180, INVERT, 1, SDA_PIN, SCL_PIN, RESET_PIN, 600000L);obdFill(&obd, 0, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 10,(char *)"HAND SPEED TEST ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1); obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 30,(char *)"Ver: 2.2", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 50,(char *)"Date: 0112", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);delay (5000); obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 10,(char *)" ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1); obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 30,(char *)" ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 50,(char *)" ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);pinMode (buttonpin,INPUT);pinMode (ledpin,OUTPUT);pinMode (vcc,OUTPUT);digitalWrite (vcc,HIGH); startsignal=1;obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 20,8,(char *)" GAME", FONT_16x16, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 12,32,(char *)" START! ", FONT_16x16, 1, 1);delay (5000); }void loop() {//obdFill(&obd, 0, 1);if(startsignal==1) {obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 28,8,(char *)" ", FONT_16x16, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 20,32,(char *)"", FONT_16x16, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 12,24,(char *)" GO!!! ", FONT_16x16, 1, 1); rtime1=millis();}startsignal=0;buttonpintwo=digitalRead(buttonpin);if(buttonpintwo==HIGH){rtime2=millis();timebox=rtime2-rtime1;sprintf(buf, " %d", timebox);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 12,24,(char *)" ", FONT_16x16, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 2,(char *)"Your hand speed ", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 18,(char *)"is", FONT_8x8, 1, 1);if(timebox<999){obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 40,(char *)&buf, FONT_12x16, 1, 1);obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 58, 40,(char *)"ms", FONT_12x16, 1, 1); }else{obdWriteString(&obd, 0, 8, 40,(char *)">1s", FONT_12x16, 1, 1);}delay(5000);startsignal=1;sprintf(buf, " %d", 0);}}