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第十章
曾子
生财有大道，生之者众，食之者寡，为之者疾，用之者舒，则财恒足矣。仁者以财发身，不仁者以身发财。未有上好仁而下不好义者也，未有好义其事不终者也，未有府库财非其财者也。
孟献子曰：“畜马乘不察于鸡豚，伐冰之家不畜牛羊，百乘之家不畜聚敛之臣。与其有聚敛之臣，宁有盗臣。”此谓国不以利为利，以义为利也。长国家而务财用者，必自小人矣。彼为善之，小人之使为国家，灾害并至。虽有善者，亦无如之何矣！此谓国不以利为利，以义为利也。
英文翻译
James Legge
There is a great course also for the production of wealth. Let the producers be many and the consumers few. Let there be activity in the production, and economy in the expenditure. Then the wealth will always be sufficient. The virtuous ruler, by means of his wealth, makes himself more distinguished. The vicious ruler accumulates wealth , at the expense of his life. Never has there been a case of the sovereign loving benevolence, and the people not loving righteousness.Never has there been a case where the people have loved righteousness, and the affairs of the sovereign have not been carried to completion. And never has there been a case where the wealth in such a State, collected in the treasuries and arsenals, did notcontinue in the sovereign"s possession.
The officer Meng Xian said, "He who keeps horses and carriage does not look after fowls and pigs. The family which keeps its stores of ice does not rear cattle or sheep. So, the house which possesses a hundred chariots should not keep a minister to look out for imposts that he may lay them on the people. Than to have such a minister, it were better for that house to have one who should rob it of its revenues. " This is in accordance with the saying: " In a state, pecuniary gain is not to be considered to be prosperity, but its prosperity wil be found in righteousness. "When he who presides over a state or a family makes his revenues his chief business, he must be under the influence of some small, mean man. He may consider this man to be good: but when such a person is emploved in the administration of a state or family, calamities from Heaven, and injuries from men, will befall it together, and, though a good man may take his place, he will not be able to remedy the evil. This illustrates again the saying, "In a state, gain is not to be considered prosperity, but its prosperity will be found in righteousness."
关于大学
《大学》是一篇论述儒家修身治国平天下思想的散文，相传为曾子所作，是一部中国古代讨论教育理论的重要着作。经北宋程颢、程颐竭力尊崇，南宋朱熹又作《大学章句》，最终和《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》并称“四书”。宋、元以后，《大学》成为学校官定的教科书和科举考试的必读书，对中国古代教育产生了极大的影响。
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