-07-30
以下例举的是常用参数
ls
只显示文件、文件目录等名称，不显示其他信息。
[root@localhost opt]# lstest1 test11 test13 test15 test2 test4 test6 test8test10 test12 test14 test16 test3 test5 test7 test9
ls 目录 #显示某个目录内的文件、文件目录等名称
ls -a
查看当前目录所有文件（包含隐藏文件）
ls -a 目录 #某目录下的所有文件
[root@localhost var]# ls -a. adm crash empty gopher lib lock mail opt run tmp yp.. cache dbgames kerberos local log nis preserve spool .updated[root@localhost var]# ls -a /opt/test10/. .. 1 12 jkl
ls -l
（参数是字母L的小写） 用来查看详细的文件信息
ls -l 目录 #目录内所有文件的详细信息，不加目录默认是当前目录
[root@localhost opt]# ls -ltotal 0drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 36 Jul 29 21:22 test10drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 29 21:06 test12-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 29 21:05 test2-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 29 21:05 test4-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 29 21:05 test8-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 29 21:05 test9[root@localhost opt]# ls -l test10total 0-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 29 21:21 1-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 29 21:21 12drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 29 21:22 jkl
第一个字符文件类型中：
d：目录文件
l：链接文件
b：块设备文件
c：字符设备文件
p：管道文件
-:表示普通文件
ls -S
按文件大-->小排序
ls -rS
按文件小-->大排序
（-S一般搭配 -l参数，即 -lS）
[root@localhost var]# ls -lStotal 8drwxr-xr-x. 24 root root 4096 May 12 23:15 libdrwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Jul 29 20:56 logdrwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 87 May 12 23:14 spooldrwxrwxrwt. 3 root root 85 Jul 29 21:03 tmpdrwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 44 May 12 23:14 cachedrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 34 Jul 29 21:00 dbdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 May 12 23:14 emptydrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Jan 29 12:32 kerberoslrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 May 12 23:11 lock -> ../run/locklrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 May 12 23:11 mail -> spool/maildrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 admdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 preservelrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 May 12 23:11 run -> ../rundrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 yp[root@localhost var]# ls -lrStotal 8drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 yplrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 May 12 23:11 run -> ../rundrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 preservedrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 admlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 May 12 23:11 mail -> spool/maillrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 May 12 23:11 lock -> ../run/lockdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Jan 29 12:32 kerberosdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 May 12 23:14 emptydrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 34 Jul 29 21:00 dbdrwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 44 May 12 23:14 cachedrwxrwxrwt. 3 root root 85 Jul 29 21:03 tmpdrwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 87 May 12 23:14 spooldrwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Jul 29 20:56 logdrwxr-xr-x. 24 root root 4096 May 12 23:15 lib
ls -t
按时间近-->远排序
ls -tr
按时间远-->近排序
（一般与参数-l同时使用）
[root@localhost var]# ls -lttotal 8drwxrwxrwt. 3 root root 85 Jul 29 21:03 tmpdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 34 Jul 29 21:00 dbdrwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Jul 29 20:56 logdrwxr-xr-x. 24 root root 4096 May 12 23:15 libdrwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 87 May 12 23:14 spooldrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 May 12 23:14 emptydrwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 44 May 12 23:14 cachelrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 May 12 23:11 mail -> spool/maillrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 May 12 23:11 lock -> ../run/locklrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 May 12 23:11 run -> ../rundrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 24 10:03 crashdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Jan 29 12:32 kerberosdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 admdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 gamesdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 gopherdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 localdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 nisdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 optdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 preservedrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 yp[root@localhost var]# ls -ltrtotal 8drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 ypdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 preservedrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 optdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 nisdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 localdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 gopherdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 gamesdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 admdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Jan 29 12:32 kerberosdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 24 10:03 crashlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 May 12 23:11 run -> ../runlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 May 12 23:11 lock -> ../run/locklrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 May 12 23:11 mail -> spool/maildrwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 44 May 12 23:14 cachedrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 May 12 23:14 emptydrwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 87 May 12 23:14 spooldrwxr-xr-x. 24 root root 4096 May 12 23:15 libdrwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Jul 29 20:56 logdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 34 Jul 29 21:00 dbdrwxrwxrwt. 3 root root 85 Jul 29 21:03 tmp
ls -h
超过1000字节的文件以K为单位显示，一般-l同时使用
[root@localhost var]# ls -lhtotal 8.0Kdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 admdrwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 44 May 12 23:14 cachedrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 24 10:03 crashdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 34 Jul 29 21:00 dbdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 May 12 23:14 emptydrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 gamesdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 gopherdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Jan 29 12:32 kerberosdrwxr-xr-x. 24 root root 4.0K May 12 23:15 libdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 locallrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 May 12 23:11 lock -> ../run/lockdrwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4.0K Jul 29 20:56 loglrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 May 12 23:11 mail -> spool/maildrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 nisdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 optdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 preservelrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 May 12 23:11 run -> ../rundrwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 87 May 12 23:14 spooldrwxrwxrwt. 3 root root 85 Jul 29 21:03 tmpdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 yp
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