功能：
0.本系统采用STC89C52作为单片机
1.LCD1602液晶实时显示进出计数和当前总数
2.系统设计有四个功能按键，按键可设定总数上限阈值，超过上限，系统将报警
3.报警电路由蜂鸣器和LED组成的声光报警
4.采用DC002作为电源接口可直接输入5V给整个系统供电
5.计数传感器采用的是红外光电传感器，该传感器最远测试距离可达到0.8米，能够满足使用场景
原理图：
PCB ：
主程序：
#include <reg52.h> //调用单片机头文件#define uchar unsigned char //无符号字符型 宏定义变量范围0~255#define uint unsigned int //无符号整型 宏定义变量范围0~65535#include <intrins.h>#include <stdio.h>#define OSC 11059200 //11.0592MHz// #define OSC 12000000 //12MHz// 定时器寄存器值预处理#define BAUDRATE 9600#define RH_UART (256-((OSC/12/32) / BAUDRATE))bit flag_500ms;sbit BEEP = P2^2; //蜂鸣器IO口定义 sbit INFRARED_IN = P2^0; //红外传感器IO口定义 sbit INFRARED_OUT = P2^1; //红外传感器IO口定义 sbit LCD_RS=P2^7; //寄存器选择信号 H:数据寄存器 L:指令寄存器sbit LCD_RW=P2^5; //寄存器选择信号 H:数据寄存器 L:指令寄存器sbit LCD_EN =P2^6; //片选信号 下降沿触发uchar a_a;uchar menu_1; //设置参数用uint num; //计的数uint jin,chu;uchar set_num = 10; // 设置预警值bit oldPinState1 = 0;bit nowPinState1 = 0;bit oldPinState2 = 0;bit nowPinState2 = 0;bit sendFlag = 1;void DelayUs10x(unsigned char t){do{_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();} while (--t);}void Timer0_Init(){TMOD &= 0xF0; //Timer0 16位装载TMOD |= 0x01;TL0 = 0x00;//设置定时初始值TH0 = 0x4C;//设置定时初始值 50msTR0 = 1; //开启T0计时ET0 = 1; //打开T0中断EA = 1; //打开总中断}void UART0_Init(){SCON = 0x50;TMOD &= 0x0F;TMOD |= 0x20; //8位自动重装TH1 = RH_UART;TL1 = TH1;ET1 = 0; //禁止T1中断TR1 = 1; //启动T1计时//ES = 1; //打开串口中断EA = 1; //打开总中断}void UART0_SendByte(unsigned char dat) //串口发送单字节数据{unsigned char time_out;time_out = 0x00;SBUF = dat; //将数据放入SBUF中while ((!TI) && (time_out < 100)) //检测是否发送出去{time_out++;DelayUs10x(2);}//未发送出去 进行短暂延时TI = 0; //清除ti标志}void UART0_SendStr(unsigned char *str) //发送定长度字符串{unsigned char *tmp;unsigned char cnt = 0;unsigned char length = 0;tmp = str;while (*(tmp++) != '\0'){length++;}while (cnt < length) //发送长度对比{UART0_SendByte(*str); //发送单字节数据str++; //指针++cnt++; //下一个++}}/***********************1ms延时函数*****************************/void delay_1ms(uint q){uint i,j;for(i=0;i<q;i++)for(j=0;j<120;j++);}/********************************************************************* 名称 : delay_uint()* 功能 : 小延时。* 输入 : 无* 输出 : 无***********************************************************************/void delay_uint(uint q){while(q--);}/********************************************************************* 名称 : write_com(uchar com)* 功能 : 1602命令函数* 输入 : 输入的命令值* 输出 : 无***********************************************************************/void write_com(uchar com){LCD_EN=0;LCD_RS=0;LCD_RW=0;P0=com;delay_uint(25);LCD_EN=1;delay_uint(100);LCD_EN=0;}/********************************************************************* 名称 : write_data(uchar dat)* 功能 : 1602写数据函数* 输入 : 需要写入1602的数据* 输出 : 无***********************************************************************/void write_data(uchar dat){LCD_EN=0;LCD_RS=1;LCD_RW=0;P0=dat;delay_uint(25);LCD_EN=1;delay_uint(100);LCD_EN=0;}/***********************lcd1602上显示四位十进制数************************/void write_sfm4(uchar hang,uchar add,uint date){if(hang==1) write_com(0x80+add);elsewrite_com(0x80+0x40+add);write_data(0x30+date/1000%10);write_data(0x30+date/100%10);write_data(0x30+date/10%10);write_data(0x30+date%10);}/***********************lcd1602上显示这字符函数************************/void write_string(uchar hang,uchar add,uchar *p){if(hang==1) write_com(0x80+add);elsewrite_com(0x80+0x40+add);while(1) {if(*p == '\0') break;write_data(*p);p++;}}/***********************lcd1602初始化设置************************/void init_1602()//lcd1602初始化{write_com(0x38);write_com(0x0c);write_com(0x06);delay_uint(1000);write_string(1,0,"Z:0000 ");write_string(2,0," J:0000 C:0000 ");write_sfm4(2,3,jin); //显示人数write_sfm4(1,7,num); //显示人数write_sfm4(2,11,chu); //显示人数}/********************独立按键程序*****************/uchar key_can; //按键值void key()//独立按键程序{static uchar key_new;key_can = 20;//按键值还原P3 |= 0x78;if((P3 & 0x78) != 0x78)//按键按下{delay_1ms(1);//按键消抖动if(((P3 & 0x78) != 0x78) && (key_new == 1)){//确认是按键按下key_new = 0;switch(P3 & 0x78){case 0x70: key_can = 1; break; //得到k1键值case 0x68: key_can = 2; break; //得到k2键值case 0x38: key_can = 3; break; //得到k3键值case 0x58: key_can = 4; break; //得到k4键值}}}else key_new = 1;}/****************按键处理LCD显示函数***************/void key_with(){if(key_can == 1)//设置键{menu_1 ++;if(menu_1 >= 2){menu_1 = 0;init_1602(); //lcd1602初始化}if(menu_1 == 1) //初始化显示{write_string(1,0," SET Z Alarm ");write_string(2,0," ");write_sfm4(2,6,set_num); //显示人数}}if(menu_1 == 0) {if(key_can == 4) //清零{num = 0;jin = 0;chu = 0;write_sfm4(2,3,jin); //显示人数write_sfm4(1,7,num); //显示人数write_sfm4(2,11,chu); //显示人数}}if(menu_1 == 1){if(key_can == 2){set_num ++ ;// 设置数加if(set_num > 99)set_num = 99;//最大加到99}if(key_can == 3){set_num -- ;// 设置数减if(set_num <= 1)set_num = 1;//最大减到1}write_sfm4(2,6,set_num); //显示人数write_com(0x80+0x40+6); //将光标移动到秒个位write_com(0x0f);//显示光标并且闪烁}BEEP = 0; //打开蜂鸣器delay_1ms(50);BEEP = 1; //关闭蜂鸣器} /******************红外计数**********************/ void hw_jin_dis()//红外计数{nowPinState1 = INFRARED_IN;if (oldPinState1 == 1 && nowPinState1 == 0) //检测到下降沿{delay_1ms(100);if (INFRARED_IN == 0) //确定低电平{jin ++;if(jin >= 99)jin = 99;num = jin - chu; //计算总人数if(menu_1 == 0){write_sfm4(2,3,jin); //显示人数write_sfm4(1,7,num); //显示人数}}}oldPinState1 = nowPinState1;}/******************红外计数**********************/ void hw_chu_dis()//红外计数{nowPinState2 = INFRARED_OUT;if (oldPinState2 == 1 && nowPinState2 == 0) //检测到下降沿{delay_1ms(100);if (INFRARED_OUT == 0) //确定低电平{if(jin > chu)chu ++;if(chu >= 99)chu = 99;num = jin - chu; //计算总人数if(menu_1 == 0){write_sfm4(2,11,chu); //显示人数write_sfm4(1,7,num); //显示人数}}}oldPinState2 = nowPinState2;}/******************主程序**********************/ void main(){unsigned char dis[16];BEEP = 0; //开机蜂鸣器叫一声delay_1ms(100);P0 = P1 = P2 = P3 = 0xff; //初始化IO口Timer0_Init();UART0_Init();init_1602();//lcd1602初始化while(1){hw_jin_dis();//红外计数hw_chu_dis();//红外计数if(menu_1 == 0) //扫描显示倒计时数{if(flag_500ms == 1){flag_500ms = 0;if(num > set_num)BEEP = ~BEEP; //报警else {BEEP = 1;}}}if (sendFlag == 1) //定时串口发送信息{sendFlag = 0;sprintf(dis, "Z:%04d\r\n", (uint)num);UART0_SendStr(dis);delay_1ms(20);sprintf(dis, "J:%04d C:%04d\r\n", (uint)jin, (uint)chu);UART0_SendStr(dis);}key(); //按键扫描函数if(key_can < 10){key_with(); //按键执行函数}}}/*************定时器0中断服务程序***************/void Timer0_Intterupt() interrupt 1{static unsigned char time50ms = 0;TL0 = 0x00;//设置定时初始值TH0 = 0x4C;//设置定时初始值 50mstime50ms++;if (time50ms > 100) //5s{sendFlag = 1;time50ms = 0;}if (time50ms % 10 == 0){flag_500ms = ~flag_500ms;}}
仿真演示视频：
/video/BV1WV4y1L7nN/
实物演示视频：
/video/BV19e41157Bz/
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