最新报道,一名日本女性接受了使用重编程干细胞修复角膜的移植手术,这是世界上首例接受干细胞制成的角膜移植手术。并且,患者接受移植手术1个月后,眼睛中的角膜清晰,视力有所改善。相关临床研究结果发表在Nature杂志上。角膜是覆盖并保护眼睛的一层透明层结构。目前,患有受损或病变眼角膜的患者通常会使用去世捐赠者的眼角膜组织来进行治疗,但在日本,需要诸如眼角膜等组织进行移植的患者排队的名单很长,而且等待时间很久。这位四十多岁的日本女性因修复角膜的干细胞发生了丢失,而这种状况会使她视力模糊并可能导致失明。研究者利用诱导多能干细胞(ips)制造出了角膜细胞片,通过将来自供体的皮肤细胞重编程为胚胎样状态,随后细胞就能够转化称为其它类型的细胞,比如角膜细胞等。研究者利用这种由干细胞制备而成的角膜,对这位患者实施了角膜移植手术,移植一个月后,该患者角膜清晰,视力也获得了有效改善。目前,日本卫生部门批准研究者Nishida对四名患者进行这项干细胞移植手术,Nishida表示希望在未来5年里能够将此项移植技术转化为常规手术,造福更多角膜受损患者。
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Woman is first to receive cornea made from‘reprogrammed’stem cells.
A Japanese woman in her forties has become the first person in the world to have her cornea repaired using reprogrammed stem cells. At a press conference on 29 August, ophthalmologist Kohji Nishida from Osaka University, Japan, said the woman has a disease in which the stem cells that repair the cornea, a transparent layer that covers and protects the eye, are lost. The condition makes vision blurry and can lead to blindness.To treat the woman, Nishida says his team created sheets of corneal cells from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. These are made by reprogramming adult skin cells from a donor into an embryonic-like state from which they can transform into other cell types, such as corneal cells. Nishida said that the woman’s cornea remained clear and her vision had improved since the transplant a month ago.Currently people with damaged or diseased corneas are generally treated using tissue from donors who have died, but there is a long waiting list for such tissue in Japan.Japan has been ahead of the curve in approving the clinical use of iPS cells, which were discovered by stem-cell biologist Shinya Yamanaka at Kyoto University, who won a Nobel prize for the work. Japanese physicians have also used iPS cells to treat spinal cord injury, Parkinson’s disease and another eye disease.The Japanese health ministry gave Nishida permission to try the procedure on four people. He is planning the next operation for later this year and hopes to have the procedure in the clinic in five years.
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